Web Application Security in C# (WASEC-C#)

DAY 1

Cyber security basics

• What is security?
• Threat and risk
• Cyber security threat types
• Consequences of insecure software

The OWASP Top Ten

• OWASP Top 10 – 2017
• A1 – Injection
  • Injection principles
  • Injection attacks
  • SQL injection
    • SQL injection basics
    • Lab – SQL injection
    • Attack techniques
    • Content-based blind SQL injection
    • Time-based blind SQL injection
  • SQL injection best practices
    • Input validation
    • Parameterized queries
    • Additional considerations
    • Lab – Using prepared statements
    • Case study – Hacking Fortnite accounts
  • Code injection
    • OS command injection
      • Lab – Command injection
      • OS command injection best practices
      • Avoiding command injection with the right APIs
      • Lab – Command injection best practices
      • Case study – Command injection via ping
    • Script injection
  • General protection best practices
• A2 – Broken Authentication
  • Authentication basics
  • Multi-factor authentication
  • Authentication weaknesses – spoofing
  • Spoofing on the Web
  • Case study – PayPal 2FA bypass
  • Password management
    • Inbound password management
      • Storing account passwords
      • Password in transit
      • Lab – Is just hashing passwords enough?
      • Dictionary attacks and brute forcing
      • Salting
      • Adaptive hash functions for password storage
      • Password policy
        • NIST authenticator requirements for memorized secrets
      • Case study – The Ashley Madison data breach
        • The dictionary attack
        • The ultimate crack
        • Exploitation and the lessons learned
      • Password database migration
        • (Mis)handling null passwords

DAY 2

The OWASP Top Ten

• A2 – Broken Authentication
  • Session management
    • Session management essentials
    • Session ID best practices
    • Why do we protect session IDs – Session hijacking
    • Session fixation
    • Cross-site Request Forgery (CSRF)
      • Lab – Cross-site Request Forgery
      • CSRF best practices
      • CSRF defense in depth
      • Lab – CSRF protection with tokens
    • Cookie security
      • Cookie security best practices
      • Cookie attributes
• A4 – XML External Entities (XXE)
  • DTD and the entities
  • Entity expansion
  • External Entity Attack (XXE)
    • File inclusion with external entities
    • Server-Side Request Forgery with external entities
    • Lab – External entity attack
    • Case study – XXE vulnerability in SAP Store
    • Preventing XXE
    • Lab – Prohibiting DTD
• A5 – Broken Access Control
  • Access control basics
  • Failure to restrict URL access
  • Confused deputy
    • Insecure direct object reference (IDOR)
    • Lab – Insecure Direct Object Reference
    • Authorization bypass through user-controlled keys
    • Case study – Authorization bypass on Facebook
    • Lab – Horizontal authorization
  • File upload
    • Unrestricted file upload
    • Good practices
    • Lab – Unrestricted file upload
• A7 – Cross-site Scripting (XSS)
  • Cross-site scripting basics
  • Cross-site scripting types
    • Persistent cross-site scripting
    • Reflected cross-site scripting
    • Client-side (DOM-based) cross-site scripting
    • Lab – Stored XSS
    • Lab – Reflected XSS
    • Case study – XSS in Fortnite accounts
  • XSS protection best practices
    • Protection principles – escaping
    • XSS protection APIs
    • Request validation in ASP.NET
    • Further XSS protection techniques
    • Lab – XSS fix / stored
    • Lab – XSS fix / reflected
    • Additional protection layers
    • Client-side protection principles
• A8 – Insecure Deserialization
  • Serialization and deserialization challenges
  • Deserializing untrusted streams
  • Deserialization best practices
  • Property Oriented Programming (POP)
    • Creating payload
    • POP best practices
    • Lab – Creating a POP payload
    • Lab – Using the POP payload
• A9 – Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities
  • Using vulnerable components
  • Assessing the environment
  • Hardening
  • Untrusted functionality import
  • Importing JavaScript
  • Lab – Importing JavaScript
  • Case study – The British Airways data breach
  • Vulnerability management
    • Patch management
    • Vulnerability databases
    • Lab – Finding vulnerabilities in third-party components

DAY 3

The OWASP Top Ten

• Web application security beyond the Top Ten
  • Client-side security
  • Tabnabbing
  • Lab – Reverse tabnabbing
  • Frame sandboxing
    • Cross-Frame Scripting (XFS) attack
    • Lab – Clickjacking
    • Clickjacking beyond hijacking a click
    • Clickjacking protection best practices
    • Lab – Using CSP to prevent clickjacking

Common software security weaknesses

• Input validation
  • Input validation principles
    • Blacklists and whitelists
    • Data validation techniques
    • Lab – Input validation
    • What to validate – the attack surface
    • Where to validate – defense in depth
    • How to validate – validation vs transformations
    • Output sanitization
    • Encoding challenges
    • Lab – Encoding challenges
    • Validation with regex
    • Regular expression denial of service (ReDoS)
    • Lab – Regular expression denial of service (ReDoS)
    • Dealing with ReDoS
  • Integer handling problems
    • Representing signed numbers
    • Integer visualization
    • Integer overflow
    • Lab – Integer overflow
    • Signed / unsigned confusion
    • Case study – The Stockholm Stock Exchange
    • Lab – Signed / unsigned confusion
    • Integer truncation
    • Best practices
      • Upcasting
      • Precondition testing
      • Postcondition testing
      • Using big integer libraries
      • Integer handling in C#
      • Lab – Checked arithmetics
  • Unsafe reflection
    • Reflection without validation
    • Lab – Unsafe reflection
• Code quality
  • Data handling
    • Initialization and cleanup
      • Class initialization cycles
      • Lab – Initialization cycles
  • Object oriented programming pitfalls
    • Inheritance and overriding
    • Mutability
      • Lab – Mutable object
      • Readonly collections

Wrap up

• Secure coding principles
  • Principles of robust programming by Matt Bishop
  • Secure design principles of Saltzer and Schröder
• And now what?
  • Software security sources and further reading
  • .NET and C# resources